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Common Address Redundancy Protocol
The Common Address Redundancy Protocol or CARP is a computer networking protocol which allows multiple hosts on the same local area network to share a set of IP addresses. Its primary purpose is to provide failover redundancy, especially when used with firewalls and routers. In some configurations CARP can also provide load balancing functionality. CARP provides functionality similar to both VRRP and Cisco Systems' proprietary protocol, HSRP. The protocol is implemented on several BSD based operating systems, and has been ported to Linux.
==Example==
If there is a single computer running a packet filter, and it goes down, the networks on either side of the packet filter can no longer communicate with each other, or they communicate without any packet filtering. If, however, there are two computers running a packet filter, running CARP, then if one fails, the other will take over, and computers on either side of the packet filter will not be aware of the failure, so operation will continue as normal. In order to make sure the new master operates the same as the old one, the packet filter used must support synchronization of state between the two computers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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